Yorktown, VA

War has been responsible in the past for making an unknown or overlooked community a site of importance. Dunkirk during World War II and Gettysburg during the American Civil War are prime examples. On a beautiful spring morning, I visited another such site. Yorktown is another example of a small community that will always be remembered as the site where last major victory in the American Revolution which helped the colonies achieve their independence from England. 

After losing manpower and the support of the people to the south, General Lord Charles Cornwallis directed his army northward to Yorktown where his force could be resupplied by British warships that could enter the deep York river. However, Continental forces from the south, George Washington's army from the north, and French troops under General Rochambeau encircled Yorktown and laid siege. With the help of the French navy, the Continentals cut off any avenue of escape. Following a disastrous attempt to escape across the river, Cornwallis and his force capitulated. Over 7,000 British and German troops surrendered after the 19 day siege. Interestingly, Cornwallis did not attend the surrender (claiming he was ill). Additionally, even though the British force was beaten, it was noted that they attempted to break and damage their muskets as the surrendered-throwing them against the ground. 

Being able to see the old village, the earthworks lined with cannon, and the visitors center was an enjoyable and informational experience. Some of the artifacts, which included Cornwallis' personal table and a silk military flag from 1770, were in incredible condition. Being able to walk on such an important site where historical significance exists in every plot of land is simply amazing. 

The experience I had at Yorktown is an example of my overall experience during this week long trip following the Revolutionary War in the south. It was exciting to visit places that I had only read about while learning more about sites I had visited before. Each battlefield, fort, and town had a unique story but each had a level of importance that should most certainly be remembered. Lastly, this trip reminded me of the sacrifices and struggle that the forefathers of America had to endure in order to achieve independence. If anything, this trip will keep that in the forefront of my mind for a while.

Cowpens Battlefield

It looks like golf course that has been abandoned, with small ridges, ditches, and creeks running across the land. A dirt road covered with pebbles and stones divide the property in half while trees and brush are scattered across the land previously used for grazing cattle. Currently, it looks like an normal, unimpressive plot of land. However, it was on this site that one of the most important battles of the American Revolution took place—an engagement that directly impacted the independence of the colonies.

The Cowpens Battlefield was an exciting place to visit. I always enjoy touring battlefields and it was especially interesting to be able to see the battlefield with the most knowledgeable person on the subject. Dr. Lawrence Babits, who authored the book A Devil of a Whipping, led my fellow students and myself and told us about the small details of the battle which made it fascinating as well as enlightening. The details of the battlefield that Babits knows are quite incredible.

The battle took place on January 17, 1781. It was a chilling day, with gnawing temperature. The day I visited the battlefield it was quite warm and the glowing sun burned some of the group. During the pivotal engagement, Continental commander Daniel Morgan and his force of militiamen and regular soldiers thrashed a British force. Banastre Tarelton’s British command suffered immense casualties and not only were they whipped physically (many were killed and before the battle they were exhausted to begin with), but they were also whipped tactically. Morgan chose the battleground and prepared his men well for the fight. In the end, the American force won because of grit, preparation, and ultimately a little luck.

Touring battlefields is one of my favorite pastimes. Not only was I able to walk on this hallowed ground, I was able to do so with an expert on the subject that provided unparalleled insight into the struggle. Cowpens was an engagement that greatly dampened the resolve of the British army and damaged their optimism. While visiting this battlefield, I was reminded as to why I love history and why I find it fascinating. There is always something new to learn, some new knowledge to gain, and this visit to the Cowpens provided that.